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  <h1 class="h11">外篇 卷五十四 吴失</h1>
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<div class="articleContent" id="articleContent"> <p>抱朴子曰：吴之杪季，殊代同疾，知前疾之失於彼，不能改弦於此。鉴乱亡之未远，而蹑倾车之前轨，睹枳首之争草母，而忘同身之祸，笑虮虱之宴安，不觉事异而患等。见竞济之舟沈，而不知殊途而溺均也。余生於晋世所不见，余师郑君，具所亲悉，每诲之云：吴之晚世，尤剧之病，贤者不用，滓秽弃序，纪纲驰紊，吞舟多漏。贡举以厚货者在前，官人以党 强者为右，匪富匪势，穷年无冀。德清行高者，怀英逸而抑沦；有才有力者，蹑云物以官跻。主昏於上，臣欺於下，不党 不得，不竞不进，背公之俗弥剧，正直之道遂坏。於是斥鷃因惊风以凌霄，朽舟托迅波而电迈，鸳凤卷六翮於丛棘，鹢首滞潢污而不擢矣。秉维之佐，牧民之吏，非母後之亲，则阿谄之人也。进无补过拾遗之忠，退无听讼之干，虚谈则口吐冰霜，行己则浊於泥潦。莫愧尸禄之刺，莫畏致戎之祸，以毁誉为蚕织，以威福代稼穑。车服则光可以鉴，丰屋则群鸟爰止。叱吒疾於雷霆，祸福速於鬼神，势利倾於邦君，储积富乎公室。出饰翟黄之卫从，入游玉根之藻棁。僮仆成军，闭门为市，牛羊掩原隰，田池布千里。有鱼沧濯裘之俭，以窃赵宣平仲之名。内崇陶侃文信之訾，实有安昌董邓 之污。虽造宾不沐嘉旨之俟，饥士不蒙升合之救，而金玉满堂，妓妾溢房，商贩千艘，腐谷万庾，园囿拟上林，馆第僭太极，梁肉余於犬马，积珍陷於帑藏。</p><p>其接士也，无葭莩之薄；其自奉也，有尽理之厚。或有不开律令之篇卷，而窃大理之位；不识几案之所置，而处机要之职；不知五经之名目，而飨儒官之禄；不闲尺纸之寒暑，而坐著作之地。笔不狂简，而受驳议之荣；低眉垂翼，而充奏劾之选；不辩人物之精粗，而委以品藻之政；不知三才之军势，而轩昂节盖之下；屡为奔北之辱将，而不失前锋之显号；不别菠麦之同异，而忝叨顾问之近任。夫鱼质龙文，似是而非，遭水而喜，见獭即悲，虽临之以斧铖之威，诱之以倾城之宝，犹不能夺铅锋於犀兕，聘驽蹇以追风，非不忌重诛也，非不悦美赏也，体不可力，无自奈何，而欲与之辑熙百揆，弘济大务，犹托万钧於尺舟之上，求千锺於升合之中，绁刍狗而责卢鹊之效，构鸡驽而崇鹰扬之功，其不可用，亦较然矣！</p><p>吴主不此之思，不加夕惕，佞谄凡庸，委以重任，危机急於弓广弩，亡徵著於日月，而自谓安於峙岳，唐虞可仰也。目力疲於绮粲，而不以览庶事之得失；耳聪尽於婬音，而不以证献言之邪正；谷帛靡於不争，而不以赈战士之冻馁；心神悦於爱媚，而不以念存亡之弘理。盖轻乎崇替之源，而忽乎宗庙之重者也。</p><p>郑君又称，其师左先生隐居天柱，出不营禄利，不友诸侯，然心愿太平，窃忧桑梓，乃慨然永叹於蓬屋之下，告其门生曰：“汉必被耀，黄精载起，缵枢纽於太微，回紫盖於鹑首。联天理物，光宅东夏，惠风被於区外，玄泽洽乎宇内。重译接武，贡楛盈庭，荡荡巍巍，格於上下，承平守文，因循甚易，而五弦谧响，南风不咏，上不获恭己之逸，下不闻康哉之歌。飞龙翔而不集，渊虬蟠而不跃，驺虞翳於冥昧，朱华牙而未秀，陰陽相沴，寒燠缪节，七政告凶，陵谷易所，殷雷车訇磕。於龙潜之月，凝霜肃杀乎朱明之运。玉烛不照，沈醴不涌，郊声多垒，嘉生不遂夫岂他哉？诚由四凶不去，元凯不举，用者不贤，贤者不用也。</p><p>“然高概远量，被褐怀玉，守静洁志，无欲於物，藏路渊洿，得意遗世，非礼不动，非时不见，困而无闷，穷而不悔，乐天任命，混一荣辱，进无悦色，退无戚容者，固有伏死乎雍瓦牖，安肯沽炫以进趋，揭其不赀之宝，以竞燕石之售哉！孔墨之道，昔曾不行，孟轲扬雄，亦居困否，有德无时，有自来耳。世无离朱，皂白混焉。时乏管青，骐蹇糅焉。砾积於金匮，瑾瑶委乎沟洫，匠石缅而遐沦，梓豫忽而莫识，已矣，悲夫！我生不辰，弗先弗後，将见吴土之化为晋哉，南民之变成北隶也。”言犹在耳，而孙氏舆榇。</p><p>抱朴子闻之曰：二君之言，可为来戒。故录於篇，欲後代知有吴失国，匪降自天也。若苟讳国恶，纤芥不贬，则董狐无贵於直笔，贾谊将受讥於过秦乎！</p> </div>
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